Genes and Environment in BRCA-Positive Breast Cancer
نویسنده
چکیده
The risk of developing breast cancer by age 50 in BRCA-positive women has increased from 24% in women born before 1940 to 67% in women born after 1940. This observation points to an increase in one or more environmental promoters through the course of the twentieth century. Extrapolating backwards, it is possible that, in the nineteenth century, a BRCA mutation conferred minimal increased risk for breast cancer. A testable model for gene-environment interactions in BRCA-positive women is proposed that may be generalizable to other cancers. A shift in funding emphasis from studying genes in isolation to studying them in conjunction with environmental promoters is proposed.
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